The application of a GIS-based decision support system to predict nitrate leaching to groundwater in southern Germany
نویسندگان
چکیده
A decision support system has been developed in New Zealand which links national databases with a physically-based, basin-scale surface water quality model within a geographical information system (GIS) interface. In this study, the system is applied to a drainage basin in southern Germany, part of which is underlain by an aquifer which provides water for potable supply. The contamination of the groundwater resource by nitrate is of much concern in this area, and to aid in the prediction of groundwater contamination, the system is modified so that it can predict the concentrations of nitrate leached to groundwater. Model predictions over a six year period are compared with measured flow and concentration data from the river and concentration data from numerous boreholes. Model output in terms of nitrate leaching is displayed as a map over the extent of the aquifer so that areas particularly susceptible to nitrate leaching can be identified. Application d'un système d'aide à la décision utilisant un SIG pour prévoir le lessivage des nitrates dans le Sud de l'Allemagne Résumé Un système d'aide à la décision liant une base de données nationale à un modèle hydrologique spatialisée à l'échelle du bassin dans le cadre d'un système d'information géographique (SIG) a été développé en Nouvelle-Zélande. Dans cette étude, le système a été appliqué à un bassin du sud de l'Allemagne, situé sur un aquifère dont on se sert pour l'alimentation en eau. Il y a beaucoup de problèmes de pollution des eaux souterraines par les nitrates dans cette région et, pour aider à prévoir la pollution des eaux souterraines, le modèle a été modifié pour prédire la concentration en nitrates des lessivats atteignant les eaux souterraines. Les résultats du modèle pour une durée de six ans ont été comparés à des données mesurées de l'écoulement et de la concentration de la rivière et de la concentration de plusieurs puits. Les résultats du modèle ont été cartographies pour permettre l'identification des régions les plus sensibles au lessivage des nitrates.
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